Masculinity in Waiting for Godot

Dynamic This paper expects to investigate the topic of manliness in Beckett's Waiting for Godot. The primary target of this paper is to recognize the encounters of male characters through which they attempt to keep their manliness alive in Beckett's play. It is very evident that male characters are continually predominant in the plot structure of the play with no female character. Beckett has politically featured manliness in his play while making the ladies missing and through other various characteristics. In spite of the fact that, there are numerous male characters yet the correct authoritative manliness is unmistakably introduced by just a single male character, Godot. Since, we find that individuals are hanging tight for Godot to support them and the delineation of Godot's physical appearance by kid additionally gives us the trace of Godot's domineering manliness. We likewise discover male characters who are submissive.So, we can say that manliness is a prevailing topic of this play. However, there are various types of manliness, for example, authoritative manliness, agreeable manliness, youthful manliness and alongside this lost of manliness is likewise cut and clear in Beckett's Waiting for Godot.keywords: Masculinity, domineering, compliant, juvenile, physical appearance, Godot, lost. Conversation Prior to beginning an examination of this point, manliness requires definition. As per OED, manliness is characterized as â€Å"having the nature of being masculine† and OED characterizes â€Å"masculine† as â€Å"having the characteristics or appearance viewed as ordinary of men.† In a similar book, the word â€Å"strong† is utilized for manly and as indicated by my perspective this word â€Å"strong† is appropriate here for manliness. Since, I need to investigate manliness in the feeling of â€Å"power† just as â€Å"strongness† in â€Å"Waiting for Godot.† All the characters of Beckett's play are male and they are having the nature of being manly. Thus, in this setting we can say that there is a conspicuous topic of manliness in Beckett's â€Å"Waiting for Godot.† But when we attempt to dissect Beckett's male characters from the percpective of previously mentioned word â€Å"strongness† then we discover disarray. Since, we can say that every one of his characters in â€Å"Waiting for Godot† are manly however we can't state that all the male characters are incredible. Along these lines, here we discover â€Å"masculinity† of this play separated into two attributes which are â€Å"hegemonic masculinity† and â€Å"submissive or youthful masculinity.† Above all else, I might want to examine â€Å"hegemonic masculinity† in this play while dissecting various characters, for example, Godot and Pozzo in the play, who have authoritative manliness. As per R.W. Connell's sexual orientation request hypothesis, domineering manliness is characterized as training that legitimizes men's predominant situation in the public arena. (Connell). Godot is a domineering masulinity in the play however Godot remains abscent all through the play yet at the same time we can say that he is an incredible male being. As we see that the two characters Vladimir and Estragon continually hang tight for the appearance of Godot as he is somebody who might assist them with coming out of their difficulities. Estragon: Let's go.Vladimir: We cannot.Estragon: Why not?Vladimir: We are sitting tight for Godot. (Beckett, 66-68)These same exchanges are rehashed by these two characters over and over. Their hang tight for Godot and the characteristics of Godot gives us the trace of Godot's domineering masculinity.Estragon: What do we do now?Vladimir: Wait for Godot. (Beckett, 63) What's more, this is their daily schedule however they realize that Godot doesn't come toward the end yet they will undoubtedly sit tight for him. It appears that they can't leave without meeting Godot. Estragon and Vladimir sit tight for Godot day by day at a particular spot yet for the entire day and this thing gives us the sense to precieve Godot as a definitive figure. Vladimir: Tied?Estragon:Ti-ed.Vladimir: How would you mean tied?Estragon:Down.Vladimir: But to whom. By whom?Estragon:To your man.Vladimir:To Godot? Attached to Godot? What a thought! No inquiry of it. For the occasion. (Beckett, 20-22)In Act 2, Beckett has given the depiction of Godot's physical appearance by the kid. Godot's physical appearance additionally shows his domineering manliness as we are informed that Godot is a character with white facial hair and this gives us the particular quintessence of a legitimate figure. Vladimir: Has he facial hair, Mr. Godot? Kid: Yes, sir.Vladimir: Fair or †¦(he hesitates)†¦ or dark? Kid: I believe it's white, sir. (Beckett, 92)Although, Godot doesn't show up in the play and numerous evaluates contended his abscene as a lost manliness. Jeffers in his article † Lost Masculinity in Waiting for Godot and Endgame† claimed:†Godot's steady nonappearance shows the inconceivability of an arrival of the manly definitive tradition.† (Jeffers, 95-96)Although with this reality of Godot's consistent nonattendance, we can't compeletly guarantee that Godot isn't a legitimate figure and still this is a reality that Godot is a domineering masculinity.We have another character who attempts to show his authoritative manliness and somewhat he is effective in introducing himself as a ground-breaking figure. Pozzo is the ace of Lucky, he is a landowner and the manner in which he treats his slave shows his capacity. In this play, it is Pozzo who has things to eat and in the absolute first act he ate chicken and afterward tossed its bone. At the point when Estragon requested that he have that bone just to lick, Pozzo says that Estragon ought to ask it to Lucky in light of the fact that it is Lucky's entitlement to have the bones of Pozzo. He is attempting to force himself as God and Pozzo attempts to show his prevalence in various manners, when fortunate wouldn't have bones, he says:Pozzo: I don't care for it. I've never realized him deny a bone. (Beckett, 27)While chatting with Estragon and Vladimir, Pozzo discusses his prevalence and agreeing over him he is â€Å"made in God's image†(23). At one spot, Pozzo inquired as to whether they need cash from him. Thus, every one of these characteristics present him as a domineering manliness or a legitimate figure, he shows a characteristic feeling of power and he considers everyone his subordinates.† As he goes ahead stage for the absolute first time, Pozzo radiates the regular feeling of power that places every single other character in front of an audience in a subordinate situation to him.† (Wright, 18) Be that as it may, as the play proceeds onward, we see Pozzo as a â€Å"blind† character in act 2. With this unexpected visual impairment, he has the feeling of power as we see that considerably after his visual deficiency he mal-regards Lucky just as his language with Lucky. Pozzo's unexpected visual deficiency likewise gives us the trace of his juvenile masculinity.† Though imitating a Godot-like position, Pozzo's manliness at last neglects to keep up a steady domineering status as a result of the lattice of intensity that powers all inside it underneath Godot in a hierarchy.† (Wright, 1-24) We can't thoroughly differ with this announcement since what Wright has said is truth. In spite of the fact that, Godot and Pozzo are appeared as amazing figure yet the unsteady intensity of Godot shows up with his consistent nonappearance and Pozzo's unexpected visual deficiency. I am not totally concurred with the previously mentioned proclamation on the grounds that even with their imperfections still they have the air of legitimate figures which stay all through the play.As in this part I am examining domineering manliness in Beckett's â€Å"Waiting for Godot.† Along these lines, I might likewise want to dissect Vladimir and Estragon's character in this specific circumstance. Plainly different characters don't share the feeling of appropriate domineering manliness yet at certain spots we see that Estragon and Vladimir control one another fair to get the feeling of authoritative manliness. Vladimir is a male figure who attempts to solidify his authoritative manliness while controling Estragon though Estragon can just show his control over the kid. This common reliance and to control one another is simply to get the feeling of authority which offers us to the feeling of youthful manliness of the characters. As there is domineering manliness in the play so we likewise discover prevailing topic of juvenile manliness through various characters in this play. As indicated by Oxford Dictionary word reference, the word â€Å"immature† proposes â€Å"to carry on in a manner that isn't reasonable and is run of the mill of individuals who are much younger†(Pg 761). Estragon and Vladimir's characters are best instances of this juvenile manliness. Their consistent hang tight for guardian angel looking like Godot shows their juvenile manliness. Both these characters hang tight for Godot with no given explanation and they don't surrender even with Godot's consistent nonattendance from the stage. Their inaction and powerlessness to do anything put a stuff to the youthful manliness that they are male or manly and he is viewed as the image of intensity yet these two characters are weak and inactive.Vladimir: We are hanging tight for Godot.Estragon:Ah! what'll we do, what'll we do!Vladimir: There is no other option for us. (Beckett, 68) They themselves can't do anything other than they are futile want to find support from Godot. Next to each other this vain trust in friend in need, they are commonly reliant on one another and they could disregard or live. Indeed, these characters themselves don't have the foggiest idea for what reason don't they live without one another. It is their bizarre disposition which makes them oblivious. In the principal demonstration, Vladimir says Estragon that he was unable to protect himself that is the reason he doesn't live away from him.Estragon: You see, you feel more awful when i'm with you. I feel better alone, too.Vladimir :Then for what reason do you generally return creeping? Estragon: I don't know.According to Wright in his article â€Å"Gender and Power in Waiting for Godot†:†Each character can't keep up a prevailing force position, manliness all through this play is decayed and impotent†and consequently each characte

Peter The Greats Westernization Of Russia Essay Example For Students

Dwindle The Greats Westernization Of Russia Essay Dwindle the Greats Westernization of RussiaPeterthe Greats Westernization of RussiaIn 1689, Tsar Peter I constrained his route intopower in Russia. Otherwise called Peter the Great, he ousted hishalf-sisters system and assumed responsibility for the state. At this time,Russia was managing fast extension, yet it was as yet a very backwardscountry contrasted with the remainder of Europe. Russia was additionally managing witheconomic burdens. Subside detested this regressive condition and deviseda plan. Inside ten years of picking up power, he started to travel throughwestern Europe looking for gifted specialists. On his voyage through westernEurope, Peter met lords, researchers, make laborers and boat manufacturers. He even worked covert in a Netherlands shipyard with expectations of learningbetter strategies for creating vessels. After eighteen months Peter returnedto Russia and started to utilize this new abundance of information to westernizehis country. His concept of westernization was the modernization of Russia. He needed to go Russia toward the west. Subside the Great embraced a large number of the ideasused by Ivan the Terrible in the fifteenth century. He managed as atyrant and held himself exempt from the rules that everyone else follows. Subside frightened the nobilityand churchmen with his new target. He cut off the facial hair ofthe Boyars, land-claiming men of impact and riches, and finished their swayin government. Dwindle was resolved to edify respectability and evencomposed a book of habits. This book disallow such activities as spittingon floors and eating without utensils. He additionally advanced cultured discussionsbetween people. In the long run he wound up expanding their powerover the serfs, the wide open workers. Next, Peter braced Russiasarmy and naval force to guarantee a solid military, set up an advanced iron industryto advance creation, and extended and included extra streets and canalsfor the reason for animating exchange. Cultivating and assembling werealso energized by the tsar. Shockingly for the serfs they werenot just troubled with the errand of obligatory work for the state, however theywere left to manage steep expenses too. For them,a not exactly plentiful gather frequently implied starvation. In the usage of his new ideas,Tsar Peter had twelve hundred of the streltsy, the first class armed force corps whoopposed westernization, executed and hung out in the open. He lefttheir decaying bodies in plain view before the Kremlin for monthsto deter difficulties to his position. He even tormented his ownson when he voiced restriction to Peters wave of progress. These mercilessactions dazed everybody and demonstrated his assurance and force. Dwindle likewise named an individual agentto direct the issues of the Russian Orthodox Church. This ledto the congregation turning into a virtual augmentation of the state. In1709, Peter vanquished Swedish powers at the skirmish of Poltava and gainedland on the Gulf of Finland. He at that point moved the capital of Russiato the recently developed port city of St. Petersburg. It is herethat Peter paraded his countrys rising riches and made Peterhof, anelaborate royal residence copying Louis XIVs Versailles. St. Petersburgwas worked by serfs and guaranteed Russias access toward the west. Subside the Great kicked the bucket in 1725. Onemajor thing he kept separate from his concept of westernization has all the earmarks of being theexploration and colonization of far away terrains. He was more focusedon fortifying Russia from inside. While England, France, Spainand Portugal were intensely engaged with investigation, Peter was working diligentlyto carry his country to a similar level as his western neighbors. Hecarried Russia far from Ivan the Terribles time of difficulties. .u1cbec1cd3223bf9feb4080cf8df9795e , .u1cbec1cd3223bf9feb4080cf8df9795e .postImageUrl , .u1cbec1cd3223bf9feb4080cf8df9795e .focused content zone { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .u1cbec1cd3223bf9feb4080cf8df9795e , .u1cbec1cd3223bf9feb4080cf8df9795e:hover , .u1cbec1cd3223bf9feb4080cf8df9795e:visited , .u1cbec1cd3223bf9feb4080cf8df9795e:active { border:0!important; } .u1cbec1cd3223bf9feb4080cf8df9795e .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u1cbec1cd3223bf9feb4080cf8df9795e { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; mistiness: 1; change: darkness 250ms; webkit-progress: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u1cbec1cd3223bf9feb4080cf8df9795e:active , .u1cbec1cd3223bf9feb4080cf8df9795e:hover { obscurity: 1; progress: haziness 250ms; webkit-change: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u1cbec1cd3223bf9feb4080cf8df9795e .focused content territory { width: 100%; position: relat ive; } .u1cbec1cd3223bf9feb4080cf8df9795e .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content embellishment: underline; } .u1cbec1cd3223bf9feb4080cf8df9795e .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u1cbec1cd3223bf9feb4080cf8df9795e .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; outskirt span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: intense; line-stature: 26px; moz-outskirt sweep: 3px; content adjust: focus; content enhancement: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1cbec1cd3223bf9feb4080cf8df9795e:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u1cbec1c d3223bf9feb4080cf8df9795e .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u1cbec1cd3223bf9feb4080cf8df9795e-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u1cbec1cd3223bf9feb4080cf8df9795e:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Censorship Of The Net EssayHis nation was presently considerably more impressive as far as its military, its economyand its status in Europe. Subside had cleared the way to a more powerfulpositon on the planet economy. The rule of Peter the Great was not oneof thousand humankind but rather it drove his nation into what's to come. His hardwork and severity made a country of intensity and impact out of thebackwards and slow poke domain that he had procured. He was toward the back man, frequently excessively uncouth, however he accomplished a considerable lot of his westernizationobjectives. Without his standard, Russia might not have become the powerfulnation that it should have been so as to get by in theearly-present day time.

The Research Proposal Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Research Proposal - Dissertation Example The nearness of such huge number of ventures in the area additionally constantly influence nature of the locale explicitly and UK by and large. London is additionally considered as the third order city on the planet after New York and Tokyo in light of the way that it is the main budgetary center point of the world. The general populace of London is be that as it may, for the most part utilized by the Services area with not exactly a million populace working in the assembling segment. Region’s just significant assembling office is Ford Dagenham which is additionally the biggest diesel motor assembling office on the planet. In spite of the fact that the general centralization of industry is low in the district be that as it may, it can even now represent a danger to the earth. This proposed examine concentrate hence expects to evaluate and investigate the effect of industry in more noteworthy London on the earth of UK by and large and Southern England explicitly. Points and Obj ectives of the Research The significant point of this examination study is to comprehend and investigate with respect to how the business of incredible London sway on nature of UK and particularly the Southern England. ... How ventures in incredible London affect condition? 2. Are there a specific kinds of businesses which are influencing the earth most? 3. Regardless of whether administrative prerequisites for condition are being met by the business? A general evaluation of the administrative prerequisites and the execution will be embraced to comprehend with regards to whether guidelines have any effect on lessening the effect. 4. Does industry is taking endeavors to reduce such effect? 5. On the off chance that indeed, what measures have been taken so far so as to contain the harm? These more extensive points and goals will in this manner set the general tone and heading of the exploration. These examination goals will likewise permit the specialist to set the general research questions and speculation for this exploration. Research questions and Hypothesis Following exploration questions and theory will be built with the end goal of this examination: 1. Industry has noteworthy effect on the earth. Industry doesn't have any effect on the earth? 2. Organizations have set up suitable security and hazard measures to lessen the effect on condition. There are no critical endeavors taken by the business to decrease the effect on condition. 3. Guidelines have been effective in convincing organizations to diminish the unsafe effect on condition. Guidelines have neglected to urge organizations to diminish the unsafe effect on condition. Writing Review Greater London locale has significant hugeness in the economy of UK and contributed towards the economy all things considered. It is additionally in any case, essential to take note of that the economy of London experienced an auxiliary change where the center was moved from the assembling to administrations segment. More noteworthy London in this manner is as yet commanded by the organizations

The 35 Most Beautiful College Churches and Chapels

In the search of a quiet moment on campus, faculty and students alike may find themselves in a college chapel. Across the United States, campuses boast a variety of churches and cathedrals. Both public and private universities offer beautiful houses of worship for their students. Some are simple, reverent chapels and others large, echoing cathedrals. When building this ranking, we took into account factors like student programming, campus architecture and aesthetic. The tradition and history of these cathedrals were also taken into account as well as community outreach. These are 35 of the most beautiful college cathedrals throughout the country. 35.Julia Thompson Smith Chapel - Agnes Scott College Only seating 110 people, the Julia Thompson Smith Chapel provides a feeling of small-town hospitality as those who worship there feel as if they are worshipping among family. The campus chapel is home to a Brombaugh Opus 31d organ, one of only six in the entire world. The grounds of the chapel are accented by a garden where students are often found enjoying the Georgia sunshine while the organ attracts many music enthusiasts. The chapel is the spiritual center of Agnes Scott College, providing a space for prayer, contemplation, and worship.You can learn more about theJulia Thompson Smith Chapel here. 34.St. Francis Xavier - Saint Louis University Serving Catholic parishioners for over 170 years, St. Francis Xavier Church was modeled after St. Colman’s Cathedral in Ireland. It is a Gothic Revival style chapel that is more known for the lively sermons delivered there as it is for its beauty. The parishioners also strive to provide for the poor and homeless in the area creating a location where St. Louis University students can contribute to the community through their spiritual beliefs as well.You can learn more about theSt. Francis Xavier here. 33.Thompson Memorial Chapel - Williams College The Thompson Memorial Chapel has served a major role in the moral development of almost every Williams College student since it was built in 1904. The chapel was created in memory of American banker, Frederick Ferris Thompson. Alumni of Williams College feel a strong connection to this stunning campus cathedral and the connection is so strong many choose the location for their wedding. The stunning eight-foot cross, designed and executed by H. Lee Hirsche, assistant professor of art, has thousands of bronze two-inch rods at varying angles at its axis to represent the crown of thorns. The tower is a reproduction of St. Cuthbert’s Tower at Wells in southwest England.You can learn more about theThompson Memorial Chapel here.32.Herrick Interfaith Memorial Chapel - Occidental College Located on the campus of Occidental College in Los Angeles, California, the Herrick Interfaith Memorial Chapel was a gift from John Pierce Herrick, who dedicated it to the memory of his wife, Margaret Brown Herrick. The chapel is near the library and classroom buildings, creating a central feel for the chapel. The interior is designed in the shape of a Greek cross with arms of equal length, known as cruciform architecture. Despite its size, patrons claim that they feel as if they are attending a small, intimate service. Although Occidental College was founded as a Christian university, this college chapel serves members of all faiths.You can learn more about theHerrick Interfaith Memorial Chapel here.31.Hampton University Memorial Chapel - Hampton University The Hampton University Memorial Chapel has a 150-foot tower and clock that illuminates the skies each night. There are six national landmarks on the campus, and the chapel is one of those landmarks. The campus chapel recognizes African and Native American history with wooden faces, which are hand-carved, displayed throughout the sanctuary. The chapel, originally constructed in 1886, and the yellow pine pews were handmade by trade school students during that era. Over the past 130 years, Hampton University Memorial Chapel has served students of all faiths.You can learn more about the Hampton University Memorial Chapel here. 30.The Stauffer Chapel - Pepperdine University Located on the campus of Pepperdine University, the Stauffer Chapel is surrounded by a serene garden and offers dramatic views of the Pacific Ocean. From a distance, visitors can see the cross that has become the chapel’s signature that extends above it. The campus cathedral offers interior and exterior beauty where students are often found meditating, praying silently or simply enjoying the serenity of the chapel.You can learn more about theThe Stauffer Chapel here.29.Vasser Chapel - Vasser College The Vassar Chapel is the only building on the Vassar College campus that has remained untouched over the years. It is the largest religious building in the town of Poughkeepsie. Stepping into the campus chapel is like traveling back more than 100 years in history. The chapel was built in 1904, designed by Shepley, Rutan, and Coolidge of Boston. Sets of stained glass windows adorn each side of the entrance, two by Tiffany. There are two-panel landscapes and one which is half of a two-panel window. There are several more Tiffany windows throughout the chapel as well.You can learn more about theVasser Chapel here.28.Alumni Chapel - Michigan State University Sitting on a hill overlooking Michigan State University is Alumni Chapel, providing visitors and students with vintage Tudor ambiance that feels more like an Elizabethan era chapel than a modern cathedral on a university campus. The chapel accommodates up to 190 people of all faiths, and many alumni have repeated their vows in the church. The chapel has soaring timbered ceilings, mellow floor tiles, beautiful stained glass windows with a simple elegance that draws people to it. Only MSU students, faculty, staff, alumni and their parents or grandparents may use the chapel for events.You can learn more about theAlumni Chapel here.27.Agnes Flanagan Chapel - Lewis Clark College The exterior of the Agnes Flanagan Chapel, located on the campus of Lewis Clark College, is one if its most stunning features. The chapel is conical, paying homage to the heritage of the Native Americans who inhabited the area for hundreds of years. Relatively new compared to other college chapels, the Agnes Flanagan Chapel was built in 1968 and offers a massive organ with nearly 5,000 pipes and 85 ranks. The stained glass windows, created by French artist Gabriel Loire, illustrate both the Native American and Christian influences of the area. The chapel is named in memory of college trustee, Agnes Flanagan, whose vision and enthusiasm made the construction of the chapel possible.You can learn more about theAgnes Flanagan Chapel here.26.St. Joseph Chapel - Spring Hill College St. Joseph Chapel on the campus of Spring Hill College has provided students and visitors with a center of faith for over 100 years. The chapel is built in the Gothic revival style and is located on the northern side of the Spring Hill College quadrangle. Cream-colored walls rise to form arches as sunlight pours from yellow, clear and amber windows. The altar features White Carrera marble with its amber, green and gray veins contrasting the dark-wood pews.You can learn more about theSt. Joseph Chapel here.25.Chapel of Resurrection - Valparaiso University The Chapel of Resurrection at Valparaiso University in Indiana is the largest university-oriented cathedral in the country. The cathedral seats more than 2,000 people and has a 30-meter chancel, nine-pointed apse, and 59-foot nave. There are stained glass windows over 90 feet tall, and the altar reaches 20 feet across the front of the building. It is of Lutheran denomination and only allows denominational events. The chapel bears a striking resemblance to the Coventry Cathedral prompting the donation of 1,545 Luke Hughes revived Coventry chairs. The chairs are stained to complement the chapel’s russet color palette and have been installed in the nave, replacing existing pews.You can learn more about theChapel of Resurrection here.24.Annie Pfeiffer Chapel - Florida Southern College Known as the â€Å"Child of the Sun,† the Annie Pfeiffer Chapel is the oldest building in the area referred to as the Florida Southern College Architectural District. It is a group of nine buildings designed by Frank Lloyd Wright and the first completed by the world-renowned architect in 1941. It was named as a national landmark in 2012 and is on the National Register of Historic Places. The college chapel has theater seating on the ground floor and balcony as well as a full organ and baby grand piano. The chancel has been extended to accommodate a wider variety of events, including the end-of-year Student Awards ceremony and multiple weddings.You can learn more about the Annie Pfeiffer Chapel here. 23.Chapel of Immaculate Conception - Seton Hall University Located on the campus of Seton Hall, the Chapel of Immaculate Conception is one of the oldest buildings still standing in the United States. It first opened its doors while the Civil War was at its peak in 1863 and the original structure remains intact, despite necessary renovations over the years. It served as a place of healing for Catholics as they dealt with the horrors of the Civil War and had guided many Seton Hall students back to their faith. The entryway, built in 1906, remains and, on each side are memorials to those whose generosity has sustained the chapel over the years. During the restoration, a terrazzo floor was uncovered with a stunning cross and that cross has been replicated on the altar which is made of coralline red marble.You can learn more about theChapel of Immaculate Conception here.22.St. Mary's Chapel - Saint Paul Seminary and School of Divinity Construction began on St. Mary’s Chapel in 1891 under the direction of Archbishop John Ireland. The campus chapel has elements of the Romanesque-Byzantine, Renaissance and Gothic eras. Long wooden beams line the flat ceiling, as were the ceilings of many churches during that period. There is an apse, nave, and sacristies. The stained glass windows add to the richness of color displayed in the sanctuary. The chapel is in the heart of the Saint Paul Seminary and School of Divinity, serving the worshiping community as well as the university.You can learn more aboutSt. Mary's Chapel here. 21.Weaver Chapel - Wittenberg University Located on the campus of Wittenberg University in Springfield, Ohio, Weaver Chapel was the subject of a National Geographic special based on their stained glass windows. Outside of the building stand statues of prominent religious figures such as Martin Luther. Graphics in the famous stained glass windows are created using a solid lead with glass as the background. They depict the history of Wittenberg from Germany to the present. Lutheran services are held on Sunday morning, and Catholic Mass is offered on Sunday afternoon. There are also weekday chapel services on Tuesday and Thursday morning.You can learn more about theWeaver Chapel here.20.West Point Cadet Chapel - West Point University The West Point Cadet Chapel was constructed by Bertram Goodhue in 1910 for West Point University, the most prestigious military academy in the United States. The Gothic revival layout resembles a cross with statues carved in stone and exaggerated stone arches. The organ in the campus cathedral has 23,000 pipes and is the largest in any chapel. The chapel may only be used by members of West Point University. It is constructed of native granite and the building blends naturally into the surrounding landscape.You can learn more about theWest Point Cadet Chapel here. 19.Madonna Della Strada - Loyola University Chicago The Madonna Della Strada was built for the Jesuit district at Loyola University in Chicago with Lake Michigan just a few feet from its white walls. It is built in Art Deco style and was completed in 1938. In 2007, it was remodeled into a more elegant, modern style. There is a mural entitled â€Å"Crowning of Mary: Queen of Heaven and Earth, and the Society of Jesus† painted by Melville Steinfels and completed in 1947. The college chapel is used for weekly devotions, mass and other occasions. It is also rented often for weddings.You can learn more about theMadonna Della Strada here.18. Christ Chapel - Gustavus Adolphus College Christ Chapel, located on the campus of Gustavus Adolphus College, is the symbol of faith at the church-related college. The cross at the tip of Christ Chapel’s spire is 187 feet above the ground. The lower portions of the stained glass windows contain contemporary forms of historical symbols. When the sun shines through them, they cast colorful patterns along the walls and throughout the building. The grounds of the college chapel, as well as the sanctuary, are decorated with detailed, lifelike structures sculpted by Paul Granlund. The windows allow light from within to shine out onto life outside while the light from the world illuminates the intimacy of worship.You can learn more about theChrist Chapel here.17.Alice Millar Chapel Religious Center - Northwestern University The Alice Millar Chapel Religious Center, located at Northwestern University, was named for an English musician who performed for Queen Victoria. The chapel is unique because it was created to illustrate the relationship between music and religion. The chapel has a 151-foot spire Aeolian-Skinner organ that accentuates the acoustics of the sanctuary. It is designed so that the organ tones almost overwhelm those in attendance during worship. The large stained glass windows which reach from the floor to the ceiling on two walls as well as a stunning, intricate window directly behind the pulpit. Patrons say that the sounds of the organ in the chapel overwhelm them as they worship, connecting spirituality and music in a unique way.You can learn more about theAlice Millar Chapel Religious Center here.16.Perkins Chapel - Southern Methodist University The heart of Southern Methodist University, Perkins Chapel has elements that demonstrate its Greco-Roman inspiration with four white columns. The chapel was modeled after churches found in colonial New England and, although it does not have a stunning, grand exterior that many college chapels offer, the size is a testament to the community surrounding Southern Methodist University. The university focuses on an active spiritual community, providing students moral as well as educational guidance.You can learn more about thePerkins Chapel here.15.Naval Academy Chapel - United States Naval Academy A historic landmark since 1961 the Naval Academy Chapel provides the honorable attitude that creates strong naval cadets. The campus chapel has a domed roof that looks magnificent whether you are viewing the chapel from the outside or sitting inside the sanctuary. There is a 268 rank organ controlled by a 522-drawknob console that is one of the largest in existence. The crypt of John Paul Jones, who is considered the first naval soldier, is also housed in the chapel. The chapel is symbolic of the vital role that moral and spiritual guidance play in the development of naval officers.You can learn more about theNaval Academy Chapel here.14.Sage Chapel - Cornell University Sage Chapel, designed by Reverend Charles Babcock who served as a professor at Cornell University where the chapel is located, was built in 1875. In 1898 and 1904, additions, including the mausoleum, were added. Every renovation, even one in 1940 to improve the organ and add a loft for the choir, were planned to so that the building kept to its roots. There is a stained glass window that is a monument to three civil rights workers murdered during the Summer of 1964, known as the â€Å"Freedom Summer.† One of those murdered was a Cornell alumnus.You can learn more about theSage Chapel here. 13.United States Air Force Academy Cadet Chapel - United States Air Force Academy Designed to stand out when it was built in 1963, the United States Air Force Cadet Chapel has 17 spires that stretch over 150 feet high, making it visible to travelers on Interstate 25 in Colorado. Panels of stained glass allow diffused light to enter the cathedral. Inside, there are three distinct chapels with separate entrances. There is a 900-seat Protestant chapel, a 500-seat Catholic chapel and a 100-seat Jewish chapel allowing cadets of all faiths to worship in the building. The Protestant chapel is on the main floor with windows of special laminated glass while the Catholic chapel is on the terrace-level with precast masonry forming the ceiling panel, windows of faceted glass and walls of amber glass.The Jewish chapel is circular and enclosed in stained-glass and cypress with a foyer created by brown Jerusalem stone that was a gift from the Israeli Air Force. The walls of the foyer are purple stained glass with green and blue accent windows. Paintings created by Shiomo Katz de pict a Bible story. In 2007, a Buddhist Chapel was built as freestanding inside the existing structure. Dharma Hall was donated by Ed Shure and is made of Port Orford cedar, a rare wood used in Japan to build temples. There is also an All-Faiths Room with no religious symbols and it is made available to cadets of various faiths. Special symbols are available for use during worship services in the room. Falcon Circle, outside the chapel, was designed with Earth-Centered Spirituality followers in mind. There is a fire pit and stones are placed in a circular pattern to facilitate services in the Wicca, Paganism and Druidism faiths. The multi-denominational nature of the USAF Academy Cadet Chapel has provided a location for meditation, prayer and spirituality for any cadet, who is attending the academy.You can learn more about theUnited States Air Force Academy Cadet Chapel here.12.All Saints Chapel at Sewanee - The University of the South Located on the campus of Sewanee, University of the South, All Saints Chapel tells a story of perseverance. Construction on the school chapel began in 1860 and was formerly known as St. Augustine’s. It was not completed before the start of the Civil War which eventually destroyed almost all the buildings on campus. The chapel was finally completed in 1868 but the years took its toll on the beautiful structure. In 1904, renovation began on the chapel, but this construction was also halted after the Bank of Winchester, which financed the construction, failed in 1907. To complete the renovation, a temporary wooden floor and ceiling were added so the chapel could be used. The chapel was not completed as it was originally designed until 1959. The chapel stands 61-feet high with a 134-foot tower. The chapel serves as a gathering space for Convocations, Commencement, and other celebrations as well as a place to explore religious faith. The central location of the college chapel expre sses Sewanee’s Episcopal university identity.You can learn more about theAll Saints Chapel at Sewanee here.11.St. Thomas of Villanova Chapel - Villanova University Originally founded in the Augustine tradition, St. Thomas of Villanova Chapel began in the 1840s through the American branch of the Church of St. Augustine. The current chapel is the result of four years of renovation which completed in 1887. The campus cathedral is patterned after French cathedrals. There are two towers flanking the cross that extend from the midpoint of the roof. Each tower, standing at 63-feet tall, has a white cross that extends higher. Initially, the chapel was built as a prep school for young Roman Catholics who wished to become priests but it eventually became the official worship location of Villanova University. Today, the chapel not only functions as the worship center for the university, but also for the St. Thomas of Villanova parish. Sunday night student-oriented masses are conducted by Villanova University pastoral musicians, the largest music group on campus. The group has over a dozen instruments and over 60 choral members. The church has been the sit e of many student weddings as well as funerals of prominent Villanova faculty and alumni.You can learn more aboutSt. Thomas of Villanova Chapel here.10.Saint Ignatius Church - The University of San Francisco The University of San Francisco’s official chapel, Saint Ignatius Church is a Jesuit cathedral that was built in 1914. The design of the college cathedral has elements of the Renaissance, Baroque and Italian architecture. The floor plan resembles ancient basilicas in Rome. Four of the alcoves inside the church have been converted to the Manresa Gallery, displaying the works of many Bay Area artists from many different religious backgrounds. The original chapel was located on Market Street, leading to a dispute between the pastor and the archbishop in 1863 that resulted in Saint Ignatius being stripped of parish status. Eventually, the church moved to the corner of Hayes Street and Van Ness Avenue, but that building was destroyed in the 1906 earthquake and fire. Today, the church sits at the corner of Fulton Street and Parker Avenue. In 1994, parish status was reinstated allowing worshipers from neighborhoods surrounding the University of San Francisco to attend. The church tod ay is an active community of families, retirees, empty-nesters and students who aspire to do great things in the name of God. The church offers many interfaith events based on the beliefs of their patron, St. Ignatius of Loyola.You can learn more about theSaint Ignatius Church here.9.The Baughman Center - The University of Florida Through a donation by George F. Baughman, The University of Florida created The Baughman Center, a non-denominational campus chapel designed for silent prayer and contemplation. The chapel feels as if it grew from the ground with exterior wood that is native to Florida and stained to resemble the plant life that surrounds the chapel. The wood is grooved to provide the look of tree trunks, symbolically connecting spirituality with environmental harmony. The roof is composed of yellow pine and copper to provide the look of medieval chapels and the front door is made of maple with Gothic patters of cherry and mahogany. The marble floor is arranged in a geometric pattern and the pavilion is oriented so that sunrise and sunset at summer solstice follows the principle of East-facing that is common in significant religious buildings. The chapel is located on the shores of Lake Alice and was completed in 2000. The chapel is open for private contemplation on weekdays and is often used for wed dings or memorial services.You can learn more about theThe Baughman Center here. 8.Stanford Memorial Church - Stanford University The design of the Stanford Memorial Church is based on the Ravenna district of Venice. It was built in 1903 and also includes styles of the American Renaissance era. Statues, paintings and stained glass windows are showcased in the chapel, all of which have been incorporated into the design. It is one of the most prominent, interdenominational churches in the West. Stanford University was established as a memorial to Leland Stanford, Jr., the son of Senator and Mrs. Leland and Jane Stanford. The Stanford’s were religious but did not follow any specific religion which is why when Mrs. Stanford donated funding to build the church, she decreed that it be open to all. The Stanford’s also saw spiritual and moral values as critical to the education of young people. Today, multi-faith services are held in the chapel, which is located on the Main Quad. The building has stunning stained glass windows and mosaics based on religious paintings admired by the Stanford’s when they travelled in Europe. It has been said that Mrs. Stanford had an aversion to blank space leading to a chapel that is richly decorated. It has five pipe organs and, in the 1960s, Chaplain B. Davie Napier introduced jazz and other types of experimental worship to the chapel. A political activist, Chaplain Napier also engaged in provocative preaching which led the college chapel to be the location for undergraduates to congregate on weekends.You can learn more about theStanford Memorial Church here.7.Bowdoin Chapel - Bowdoin College Originally, the chapel at Bowdoin College began as a Christian Church as the murals lining the interior walls depicting Christian spiritual figures indicate. Although the murals remain, the campus chapel is now non-denominational, providing services for all faiths who attend Bowdoin College. The pews are designed in classic English style as they turn to face each other. The building is designed so that it extends narrowly from the front to the back. The chapel contains both an organ and a grand piano. A balcony area is designated for musicians and photographers. The Bowdoin Chapel is a popular site for weddings, although only alumni, staff and students may reserve it between May 1 and October 31.You can learn more about theBowdoin Chapel here.6.St. Paul's Chapel - Columbia University Located on New York’s Broadway, St. Paul’s Chapel is the oldest church in Manhattan. It was built in 1766 by Andrew Guatier. The four columns in the front demonstrate the Greco-Roman influence that appears throughout. The church was designed as a reproduction of the Choragic Monument of Lysicrates. Three colorful windows line one wall of the chapel, and there is Guastavino tile in intricate patterns on almost every curved surface of the interior. There is an â€Å"Altar for Peace† that consists of a wooden table with natural edges in the signature style of designer George Nakashima. The cathedral is well known for its acoustics and its pipe organ renowned for its tone. The exterior of the building is red brick with limestone trim and is ornamented with terra cotta and bronze. The dome may have been the first self-supporting dome in an American church. The names of prominent New York families who supported the university adorn the 24 windows around the dome. The w rought iron gates were brought from the North Reformed Dutch Church, which closed in 1875. Columbia University was established as an Anglican institution of higher learning, and the church was important to the university from the beginning. Today, Baccalaureate services, weddings, concerts and other events are held at the campus cathedral.You can learn more about theSt. Paul's Chapel here.5.Battell Chapel - Yale University Originally constructed as a monument to those who died in the Civil War, the Battell Chapel was heavily inspired by Victorian-era Gothic cathedrals. It was funded by Joseph Battell and designed by Russel Sturgis Jr. The original building was constructed in 1874 but an apse was added in 1947 as a memorial to those who died in World War II. This makes it an attractive location for Yale University students and alumni, especially those who have lost loved ones who were serving the country in the military. When it was constructed, Yale students used the church daily as chapel was mandatory in the late 1800s. The chapel’s complex color scheme uses rustic sandstone. There is a chapel clock that would ring at each quarter hour and all other clocks at Yale were synchronized to the chapel clock. However, the chimes have not been used in years. The organ was a gift from Joseph Battell’s sister, Irene Battle Larned.At the top of the center window is the name Elihu Yale, an early be nefactor of the University. His name is surrounded by the first nine presidents of Yale College. The nave’s stained glass windows commemorate past benefactors and professors. Today, the chapel is used for weekly services and is also the site of concerts as well as performances of the Greater New Haven Youth Ensembles of Neighborhood Music School, The Greater New Haven Youth Orchestra the Greater New Haven Symphonic Wind Ensemble and Concert Band plus the Chamber Orchestra.You can learn more about theBattell Chapel here.4.Princeton University Chapel - Princeton Chapel Princeton University Chapel incorporates Collegiate Gothic architecture with a modern outlook. The campus chapel cost $2.3 million to construct in 1928 and was designed by Ralph Adams Cram. There is a depiction of Christian stories engraved into windows with four stained glass windows extending toward each other. The chapel evokes feelings of a small cathedral during the English Middle Ages, and there are those who believe it may have been patterned after King’s College Chapel located at the University of England as it was the only university chapel of its size at the time Princeton’s Chapel was completed. The main sanctuary includes a narthex, gallery, nave, two transepts joined by a crossing and an elevated choir loft. It is non-denominational, and weekly ecumenical Christian services as well as daily Catholic masses are held at the chapel. Countless students and visitors to Princeton have entered the chapel to discover faith, peace, inspiration, challenge and courage . The same community that founded Princeton University in 1746 convenes at the chapel to pray and provide service to humanity.You can learn more about thePrinceton University Chapel here. 3.Immaculata Parish - University of San Diego The Immaculata Parish was originally only used by the University of San Diego and the Immaculate Heart Seminary. Today, the church is open to all in the community. The red Cordova tile roof is visible throughout the campus and demonstrates the Spanish influence on the chapel’s design. A 300-pound cross sits atop the bell tower and there is an 8500 pound, sculpture of Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception. The exterior has a solid bronze door adding to the stunning look of the building from the outside. The interior contains statues and paintings that add to the rich feel of the sanctuary. Stained glass windows spread diffused light throughout the building. Parishioners strive to build a loving, supportive community and to celebrate life in the sacraments. They promote peace and justice while administering to the poor and needy. The Church is a popular location for weddings and other special events. Mass is held daily with a Saturday vigil held each week at 4:30 PM.You can lear n more about theImmaculata Parish here.2.Duke Chapel - Duke University An ecumenical Christian church located on the Duke University Campus, Duke Chapel’s pointed arches embody the Collegiate Gothic style traditionally found on older college campuses. It is Durham’s tallest building and seats over 1,800 people. The tower stands over 200 feet and the chapel cost $2.5 million to construct in 1932. Ten figures are carved on the entrance to the chapel representing those important to Methodism, Protestantism and the American South. One of, the carvings is of General Robert E. Lee whose sculptors added the â€Å"US† to his belt buckle. Because of General Lee’s role as the leader of the Confederate Army, the letters were partially chiseled away, but remain visible. The Bell Tower is modeled after one found in Canterbury Cathedral and is constructed of stone from Duke Quarry near Hillsborough. Inside, there are 77 stained glass windows depicting the artistry of 15 artists and craftsmen. The chancel includes religious figures carved i n limewood and oak. One of the most unique features of the Duke Chapel is the dedication to music in spiritual worship. There is a 50-bell carillion as well as three organs. One of the organs is comprised of 6,000 pipes and another more than 5,000. The campus chapel is used extensively for worship and events today.You can learn more about the Duke Chapel here. 1.Basilica of the Sacred Heart - The University of Notre Dame The Basilica of the Sacred Heart reflects many neo-Gothic elements with high towers rising over 215 feet high. The campus cathedral was completed in 1888 and has over 40 windows, permitting natural light to fill the sanctuary. Housed on the campus of Notre Dame, it is the most identifiable church in North America. The bell tower is over 218 feet making it the largest university chapel in the United States. There is a mural that took Luigi Gregori, a Vatican painter, more than 17 years to complete.The high altar is created of bronze and was built in Paris then sent to Philadelphia for the Centennial Exposition before being purchased by Father Edward Sorin for placement in the church. The ceilings are painted as a starry sky filled with angels while the walls are decorated with saints. Over the central nave, Gregori painted an exaltation of the Cross with the True Cross exalted under the congregation motto â€Å"Ave Crux Spec Unica.† A painting of St. Patrick was added after stu dents requested his image included in honor of their Irish heritage. There are seven side chapels, including the Lady Chapel, a common feature in medieval cathedrals. Mass is held at the Basilica twice each day and it serves as the mother church of the Congregation of Holy Cross. Seminarians are ordained, and deceased religious leaders laid to rest at the Basilica.You can learn more about theBasilica of the Sacred Heart here.

The Leadership Of Bill Gates Essay - 1845 Words

Paper Name Leadership Development Paper Code MGT8038 Course Leader Dr Shalene Werth Prepared for Dr Andries Duplesis Due Date 18/04/2016 Student Name Mulkundkar Swathi Student Id 703494 Assignment 1 Essay and reflective diary Table of Contents TASK A – REFLECTIVE DIARY 3-4 TASK B – ESSAY 5-9 REFERENCES 10-12 TASK A – REFLECTIVE DIARY Day I This is the first entry of my reflective diary and I am writing this before I begin my essay on the leadership of Bill Gates. When I think of leaders, the greatest leaders that come on top of my mind are Barack Obama, Mahatma Gandhi, Richard Branson and Martin Luther King Jr. While thinking about leadership, I believe that each individual has a different leadership style. This I feel is reflective of their background, personal experiences and their current situation. 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Contribution of Micro and Small Enterprises

Question: Discuss about the Contribution of Micro and Small Enterprises. Answer: Introduction: The contribution of the Micro and Small Enterprises has not received its full potential but it is clear from the findings that they are on the right tract. The KSA government has engaged in various initiatives and programs that will help boost the growth Micro and Small Enterprises. Nevertheless, there is a need for much more to be done beyond financial access increment for this sector (Al-Khaldi Wallace, 2009). Micro and Small Enterprises is the way to help the KSA to get rid of its overreliance on oil sector which is always prone to detrimental challenges due to oil prices fluctuations. As been seen from the discussion, comparatively, KSA Micro and Small Enterprises set the stage for the other economies in MENA or GCC region and this is a good news to the KSAs economy. It has been indicated from the study findings that KSA has over 1.97 million business enterprises with Micro and Small Enterprises sector taking the lion share at 90%. Moreover, it is also clear that over 85% of the Micro and Small Enterprises in KSA describes the single proprietor firms with about 74% being in trade and contrition sectors. The current contribution of Micro and Small Enterprises to the GDP of KSA stands at 33% (Asad Sadi Henderson, 2011). Nevertheless the KSA government should have it in mind that this figure is much lower in comparison to developed economies such as the United States. Even though it is known that the Micro and Small Enterprises contribution to the GDP of KSA economy is higher comparatively to other to other GCC economies. There is a need to remind the government that the value of the programs and initiatives already invested in Micro and Small Enterprises sector remains comparatively high than the returns that Micro and Small Enterprises have remitted to the economy. Accordingly, there is a call to action that the government needs to make sure that KSAs Micro and Small Enterprises reach the full potential. The labor force intake by the KSAs Micro and Small Enterprises is still relatively low at 25%. The government needs to encourage Micro and Small Enterprises to employ more by not only availing the financial based required by training and development of the Micro and Small Enterprises through upskilling and emotional support (Ghanem, 2013). The government should shift attention into helping the Micro and Small Enterprises to manage their firms effectively as this will boost the current 10% of the total workers employed by Micro and Small Enterprises to over 50% of the Saudi nationals compared to immigrants. It is quite unfortunate the despite the various and expensive programs driven by the KSA government to boost Micro and Small Enterprises, the KSA natives account for a minute percentage in their labor force. The government of KSA should realize that there is a great potentiality for the Micro and Small Enterprises growth and subsequent contribution to the countrys economic development. Since the country gives a home for over 20% of the entire Micro and Small Enterprises in the MENA region, it has the potential to greatly contribute to the economic growth and development. Moreover, KSA has stayed as the largest economy in the GCC coming second to United Arabs Emirates which is the most developed Micro and Small Enterprises sector in the GCC (Looney, 2004). There is a potential for Micro and Small Enterprises in KSA to rise above those in the United Arabs Emirates. This is because KSAs Micro and Small Enterprises average share lending of entire loans is currently 3% compared to the 2% for the GCCs average. This means that KSA Micro and Small Enterprises have more access to loans and the capital required to start and run businesses. Moreover, KSA enjoys the largest number of both public and private Micro and Small Enterprises sector support programs with the GCC area. This further points the potentiality to Micro and Small Enterprises have to become the number one contributor to the KSAs economy in the entire MENA and GCC region. Moreover, lucrativeness of KSA is also much better than the G20 countries in terms of the cost of establishing a business in KSA. This is because it is currently estimated as one-third relative to the average G20 economies, hence a lucrative podium for the Micro and Small Enterprises budding. Even the future examination or outlook of the KSAs Micro and Small Enterprises sector is promising. It is has been ranked second with the MENA region with position being UAE based on the Ease of Doing Business Report released by the World Bank in 2015. Simply put, KSA has been ranked the uppermost for acquiring credit information among the MENA region economies. The report by the World Bank indicated that KSAs effectiveness of doing business based on ten parameters specifically on the basis of government business regulation on the basis of 2015 aggregate ranking and distinguished based on fundamental indicators as complexity and cost of regulatory process as well as measure of the strength of legal institutions. On the basis of this quantitative examination against ten parameters, KSA ranks forty-nine in the year 2015. On the other hand, within MENA region, KSA ranks 2nd after the UAE. Moreover, KSA has highest ranking for obtaining credit information among every economies in the MENA area. Nevertheless, Micro and Small Enterprises authority requires to ease out the procedures for commencing a business as well as for undertaking globally. Moreover, the EY held the EOY 2014 award in KSA which has served to encourage the Micro and Small Enterprises sector in KSA. The EY has subsequently built on the KSA Micro and Small Enterprises immense success program and subsequently declared the launch of the EOY 2015 award in KSA for the 2nd time. Also, the KSAs youths have proved their entrepreneurial authorities and powers despite the average of Micro and Small Enterprises being merely seven years. The worldwide entrepreneurs have accelerated innovation besides creating job opportunities, specifically during the economic downturns. The EYs of EOY initiative or programs integrates as well as rejoice the vision, creativity as well as commitments of the most deserving global entrepreneurs. The KSA has had an opportunity to hold this program due to its place in the Micro and Small Enterprises sector in 2014. This means that KSA has had successful entrepreneurs and this even explains why the initial launching of program occurred in KSA. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia should take the advantage of the benefit packages that this program comes with to boost the morale of their Micro and Small Enterprises to hit their full potential. This is because the EOY carried out in 2014 emphasized specifically on the Micro and Small Enterprises together with fast-growth economies including KSA where Micro and Small Enterprises remains the chief drivers of growth and development of economy. The program has recognized KSA as one of the most competitive nations among the G20 cohort countries. KSA Micro and Small Enterprises should, therefore, grow faster than it is currently growing because the average time consumed to commence a business remains one of the lowest relative to the G20 economies. KSA is also an industrial hub in both GCC and MENA area besides having a firm together with growing economy. This indicates that the future decade bodes well for the Micro and Small Enterprises development in the country. This is essentially as a result of the lack of targeted as well as customized assistance from banks. The government should take it upon itself to ensure that there is an effective targeted and customized banks assistance focusing on the KSAs youths. Moreover, it is also clear that the youths have been demoralized by the lengthy bureaucratic procedures that present a daunting challenge to the KSA Micro and Small Enterprises sector. Even though the paper acknowledges the much efforts already taken by the KSA government to reduced or eliminate such bureaucracies, much is still needed to be done to ensure that an enabling environment prevails for the Micro and Small Enterprises to bud faster in the KSAs economy. It had been approximated that the investment of Micro and Small Enterprises at the end of 2015 would have risen to hit over USD seventy billion. It was also estimated that the Micro and Small Enterprises sector would be contributing 35% of to the GDP. However, it is clear that these estimation have not been achieved despite the government programs and initiatives. The Micro and Small Enterprises sector and the government of KSA should shift focus on speaking to various challenges identified in the sector. For example, some of the shortcomings of Micro and Small Enterprises performance is primarily attached to the lack of targeted and ongoing support services. In KSA, capital access including debt and equity remains a principal challenge (Tuncalp, 2009). The equity investment is crucial for any given survival of a venture in the initial stage, but in the KSA, there is inadequacy of angel investors as well as venture capital funds. The Micro and Small Enterprises capital lending is pegged at three percent in KSA as a percentage of entire loans. This is, however, stays low relative to the emerging economies average of twenty percent as well developed economies average of twenty-five percent. Notwithstanding the substantial size of the Micro and Small Enterprises sector in KSA, financiers evade lending to the Micro and Small Enterprises sector for the following reasons: A general absence of reliable as well as accessible information regarding enterprises sine of which the registries together with bureaus are unable to issue credit scores. A lack of proven legal environment which permits for the collateral registry as well as legal enforcement where there is a default A great number of Micro and Small Enterprises lack audited financials. There is a need for the financial firms to consumer higher time besides resources when servicing Micro and Small Enterprises. This culminates in augmented cost of operation for these financiers that when incurred, become passed on to the Micro and Small Enterprises in terms of premium charges. Approximately eighty-five percent of the Micro and Small Enterprises are single-based proprietors corporations, and, hence, the separation between the firm and private assets frequently remain hazy. Accordingly, the Micro and Small Enterprises will have an increased lending risks. In light of this challenge, there is a need for effective policy techniques and tools to impart more confidence to the lending institutions through the management of the risks effectively. Even though the amount of existing policies as well as tools remains enormous with some of the initiatives and programs are funded well and effective, the absence of strategic co-ordination empties into efforts duplication, therefore augmenting redundancies and cost. The government needs to come in further and assist Micro and Small Enterprises to speak to such challenging areas to the Micro and Small Enterprises including information related, managerial, technical, workforce related, marketing, financing as well as bureaucracy. Even though the government has come in to reduce some of the procedures needed for new Micro and Small Enterprises set up, the KSAs government strives to ensure that Micro and Small Enterprises get it much easier than before. This is because it is the KSAs government to whom the lengthy bureaucratic procedure besides licensing is the potential barrier, succeeded by the non-existence of sufficient financing. The Micro and Small Enterprises are also concerned with their rapid rate of lifespan shrinking. The lack of presence of the customized as well as ongoing assistance from the banks leading to the comparatively short lifespan of the Micro and Small Enterprises whereby the average Micro and Small Enterprises is barely 7 years old. The MENA area is specifically overwhelmed with this phenomenon. There is a missing middle whereby the Micro and Small Enterprises have gone beyond the initial stages of the setup, but need additional support for sustaining as well as growing their businesses or ventures. Despite the government initiatives and programs in place, with sole target to Micro and Small Enterprises support, these programs and initiatives must be channelized as well as customized to speak to the distinct demands of the Micro and Small Enterprises entire lifecycle (Zamberi Ahmad, 2012). The KSAs banks should stretch past the provision of restrained subsidized loans alongside pre-investment training to sufficiently support the Missing Middle phenomenon throughout the various phases of development. Worldwide, between seventy and eighty percent pf the enterprises collapse after an average of barely twenty months. There is a need for the KSA to cater for its strong entrepreneurial bend of the youthful propitiators to address the eventual motive of the KSAs youth employment alongside the consequent diversification of the KSAs economy. The KSA government has over the years, engaged in constructive moves towards the Micro and Small Enterprises sectors growth. The government has emphasized more on the amount of Micro and Small Enterprises expansion than the available gazelles that are poised to become internationally competitive as well as have the authority besides the power for diversification of the KSAs economy. Nevertheless, the KSAs government has acknowledged the need for a broad support base, alongside capital, business services as well as training in the entire lifespan of the Micro and Small Enterprises. The KSAs youth has proved its entrepreneurial power and blend besides the boost from the administrations has ensured that locals can favorably compete on an international arena. The KSA government must ensure that it implements effectively the plans it has made to emulate the Japan Micro and Small Enterprises growth strategy. The KSAs Micro and Small Enterprises must strive to achieve the augmented growth as well set up themselves as competitive businesses internationally. The Micro and Small Enterprises should take the advantage of the opportunity presented by the fiscal as well as social efforts taken by the Custodian of the 2 Holy Mosques government through King Salman bin Abdulaziz to blossom with vigorous growth in the coming years (Zamberi Ahmad, 2011). Moreover, the governments concerted efforts based on their entire commitment and dedication stressed towards the policies implementations should be followed up to ensure that the Micro and Small Enterprises hit their eventual sustainable development as well as dynamic progression goals. In so doing, Micro and Small Enterprises in KSA will meet their full potential which will translate into increased employment, growth and development in KSAs economy. The KSAs banking sector should also take the advantage of this lucrative opportunity presented by the Micro and Small Enterprises potential. These banking sector will have a substantial opportunity to benefit from the ever growing Micro and Small Enterprises. With Micro and Small Enterprises accounting for ninety percent of the entire registered KSAs enterprises besides sixty prevent of the entire employment alongside their occupation of the central place in the KSAs development strategy, Micro and Small Enterprises growing contribution to the Gross Domestic Product is clearer (Acs, 2006). The banking sector will benefit by boosting the Micro and Small Enterprises sector through the prospects of growth in credit extension to Micro and Small Enterprises through their firm capital sufficiency besides liquidity ratios that position the banks in a better position for lending the Micro and Small Enterprises without eroding respective balance sheet qualities. References Acs, Z. (2006). How is entrepreneurship good for economic growth?. Innovations, 1(1), 97-107. Al-Khaldi, M. A., Wallace, R. O. (2009). The influence of attitudes on personal computer utilization among knowledge workers: the case of Saudi Arabia. Information Management, 36(4), 185-204. Asad Sadi, M., Henderson, J. C. (2011). Franchising and small medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in industrializing economies: A Saudi Arabian perspective. Journal of Management Development, 30(4), 402-412. Ghanem, H. (2013). Role of Micro and Small Enterprises in Egypt's Economic Transition. Brookings. Looney, R. (2004). Development strategies for Saudi Arabia: Escaping the rentier state syndrome. Strategic Insights, 3(3), 6-18. Tuncalp, S. (2009). The marketing research scene in Saudi Arabia. European Journal of Marketing, 22(5), 15-22. Zamberi Ahmad, S. (2011). Evidence of the characteristics of women entrepreneurs in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: An empirical investigation. International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship, 3(2), 123-143. Zamberi Ahmad, S. (2012). Micro, small and medium-sized enterprises development in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Problems and constraints. World Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development, 8(4), 217-232.

Essay Topics for Fourth Grade

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Buying Computer Essay Topics Mla

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Create Your Own Research Paper Outline With a Sample

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